Then one of the seven angels who had the seven bowls came and said to me, "Come, I will show you the judgment of the great prostitute who is seated on many waters, with whom the kings of the earth have committed sexual immorality, and with the wine of whose sexual . The Mutual Destruction of Sennacherib & Babylon This was done to ensure that the collected and authenticated Quranic copy that Uthman collected became the primary source for others to follow, thereby ensuring that Uthman's version of the Quran remained authentic. In a punitive measure towards Myriantheus the Ottomans refused to recognize him as Bishop of Kyrenia. . The first mass book burning in Amsterdam took place later, in 1526. [252][253], On March 31, 2019, a Catholic priest in Gdask, Poland, burned books such as Harry Potter and novels in the Twilight series. The Library of Ashurbanipal (7th century BCE) is the oldest known systematically organized library in the world, established in Nineveh by the Neo-Assyrian king Ashurbanipal (r. 668-627 BCE) to preserve the history and culture of Mesopotamia.Over 30,000 texts were discovered at Nineveh in the mid-19th century, but the original collection is thought to have been much larger. The last suspect is the Muslim Caliph Umar. [a] In his own lifetime, Plato was not in a position to destroy all copies of his rival's writings, but Plato's purpose was largely achieved through the choices made by scribes in later Classical times. The abolition of aristocratic privileges was accompanied by the public burning of the Libro d'Oro formal directory of nobles in the Republic of Venice which included those of the Ionian Islands. Only 20% of materials survived. More public book burnings followed in 1522, at Bruges and twice more at Antwerp. Jonathan Basile created an internet version of the Babylon library. [244][245] [246] [247], In May 2013, two San Jose State University professors, department chair Alison Bridger, PhD and associate professor Craig Clements, PhD, were photographed holding a match to a book they disagreed with, The Mad, Mad, Mad World of Climatism, by Steve Goreham. Among these was August von Kotzebue's History of the German Empires. The memorial consists of a window on the surface of the plaza, under which vacant bookshelves are lit and visible. Ontario libraries have nearly 28.5 million print volumes available to borrow. The first mass book burning in the North was in 1521 in the ecclesiastical territory of Utrecht. Advances in technology have reduced the possibility of a library collection being destroyed by fire. "[12], In 168 BC the Seleucid monarch Antiochus IV ordered Jewish 'Books of the Law' found in Jerusalem to be 'rent in pieces' and burned[13] part of the series of persecutions which precipitated the revolt of the Maccabees. 15. At Leuven eighty copies of Luther's works were burned in October 1520 (even before publication of the official ban). Sometimes a library is purposely destroyed as a form of cultural cleansing.[1]. At the end of October, the Abkhazian Research Institute of History, Language and Literature named after Dmitry Gulia, which housed an important library and archive, was torched by Georgian troops; also targeted was the capital's public library. The 1988 publication of the novel The Satanic Verses, by Salman Rushdie, was followed by angry demonstrations and riots around the world by followers of political Islam who considered it blasphemous. )[29] Conversely, many other Christians, less courageous, did save their lives by giving away their Scriptures to be burned. [c] Nevertheless, though no written word of Arnold's has survived, his teachings on apostolic poverty retained their influence after his death, among "Arnoldists" and more widely among Waldensians and the Spiritual Franciscans. Babylon was a problem having nothing to do with the Jewish diaspora since it resisted Assyrian rule. [citation needed], Following the death of noted American poet Emily Dickinson in 1890, her sister Lavinia Dickinson burned almost all of her correspondences in keeping with Emily's wishes, but as it was unclear whether the forty notebooks and loose sheets all filled with almost 1800 poems were to be included in this, Lavinia saved these and began to publish the poems that year. An estimated 400,000 books were destroyed and an additional 350,000 materials suffered significant amounts of smoke and water damage. [1] The Catastrophic Fall of Babylon in the Bible Explained - Crosswalk It was finished somewhere between 114 and 117 by Celsus' son, Gaius Julius Aquila. [35] These remained until for political reasons they were burned by Flavius Stilicho (died 408). The Institute occupied the top floors of a large, four-storey office block squeezed between other buildings in a densely built neighborhood, with no other buildings being hit. The destroyed Islamic library of Baghdad included one of the oldest surviving copies of the Qur'an. He was officially stripped of his "People's Writer" title and his presidentially-awarded pension. Where the books weren't burned: Baghdad's ancient library Leathem), New Testaments in city of Or Yehuda, Israel, Non-approved Bibles, books and music in Canton, North Carolina, 201011 Florida Qur'an burning and related burnings, Lawrence Hill books covers in Amsterdam 2011, Fishery, ocean and environmental library books throughout Canada, Anti-climate change book at San Jose State University, Southwestern Ontario schools book burning, Tennessee Global Vision Bible Church book burning, The dictionary account is apparently based on, See the entry "Maimonidean Controversy, under Maimonides, in volume 11 of the. Raskolnikov was surprised to find his work on the October Revolution in one of those lists. The Dominicans asserted that this account was blasphemies against Christianity. "Baghdad After The Storm. March 7, 2013. However, on August 12, 1998, the Taliban fighters ransacked the press, the museum, the video facilities and the library, destroying some books in the fire and throwing others in a nearby river. Bellemore, Jane. [citation needed], In 1497, followers of the Italian priest Girolamo Savonarola collected and publicly burned books and objects which were deemed to be "immoral", some but by no means all of which might fit modern criteria of pornography or "lewd pictures", as well as pagan books, gaming tables, cosmetics, copies of Boccaccio's Decameron, and all the works of Ovid which could be found in Florence. In retaliation, Polish partisans burned his house, his manuscripts, and his school's printing press. Then a sudden rainstorm heightened the damage by soaking materials that had been carried out of the burning building. [125] Temples of Daoism, Confucianism, and other traditional beliefs were often defaced. [263], A scroll written by the Hebrew prophet Jeremiah (burnt by King Jehoiakim), Protagoras' "On the Gods" (by Athenian authorities), Chinese philosophy books (by Emperor Qin Shi Huang and anti-Qin rebels), Books of pretended prophecies (by Roman authorities), Jewish holy books (by the Seleucid monarch Antiochus IV), Greek and Latin prophetic verse (by the emperor Augustus), Sorcery scrolls (by early converts to Christianity at Ephesus), Rabbi Haninah ben Teradion burned with a Torah scroll (under Hadrian), Burning of the Torah by Apostomus (precise time and circumstances debated), Manichaean and Christian scriptures (by Diocletian), Books of Arianism (after Council of Nicaea), Writings of Priscillian (by Roman authorities), Etrusca Disciplina (by Roman authorities), Books on astrology (by Roman authorities), "Book of the Miracles of Creation" (reportedly destroyed by Saint Brendan), Patriarch Eutychius' book (by Emperor Tiberius II Constantine), Repeated destruction of Alexandria libraries (multiple people), Iconoclast writings (by Byzantine authorities), Qur'anic texts with varying wording (ordered by the 3rd Caliph, Uthman), Abelard forced to burn his own book (at Soissons), The writings of Arnold of Brescia (in France and Rome), Buddhist writings in the Maldives (by royal dynasty converted to Islam), Buddhist writings in the Gangetic plains region of India (by Turk-Mongol raiders), Ismaili Shite writings at Al-Azhar (by Saladin), Destruction of Cathar texts (Languedoc region of France, by the Catholic Church), The Talmud (at Paris), first of many such burnings over the next centuries (by Royal and Church authorities), Rabbi Nachmanides' account of the Disputation of Barcelona (by Dominicans), Lollard books and writings (by English law), Codices of the peoples conquered by the Aztecs (by Itzcoatl), Decameron, Ovid and other "lewd" books (by Savonarola), Arabic books and archives in Oran (by Spanish conquerors), Catholic theological works (by Martin Luther), Lutheran and other Protestant writings (in the Habsburg Netherlands), The works of Galen and Avicenna (by Paracelsus), Books and papers of the Portuguese Order of Christ (By Fra Antnio of Lisbon), Servetus' writings (burned with their author at Geneva, and also burned at Vienne), Religious and other writings of the Saint Thomas Christians (by the Portuguese Church in India), Maya codices (by Spanish Bishop of Yucatan), Arabic books in Spain (owners ordered to destroy their own books by King Philip II), "Obscene" Maltese poetry (by the Inquisition), Arwi books (by Portuguese in India and Ceylon), Luther's Bible translation (by German Catholics), Uriel da Costa's book (by Jewish community and city authorities in Amsterdam), Marco Antonio de Dominis' writings (in Rome), Books burned by civil, military and ecclesiastical authorities between 1640 and 1660 (in Cromwell's England), Socinian and Anti-Trinitarian books (by secular and church authorities in the Dutch Republic), Manuscripts of John Amos Comenius (by anti-Swedish Polish partisans), Pascal's "Lettres provinciales" (by King Louis XIV), Mythical (and/or mystical) writings of Moshe Chaim Luzzatto (by rabbis), Protestant books and Bibles (by Archbishop of Salzburg), The writings of Johann Christian Edelmann (by Imperial authorities in Frankfurt), Vernacular Catholic hymn books (at Mainz), The Libro d'Oro (in the French-ruled Ionian Islands), "The Burned Book" (by Rabbi Nachman of Breslov), Records of the Goa Inquisition (by Portuguese colonial authorities), The Code Napolon (by German Nationalist students), William Blake manuscripts (by Frederick Tatham), Count Istvn Szchenyi's book (by conservative Hungarian nobles), Libraries of Buddhist monasteries (during the Taiping Rebellion), "The Bonnie Blue Flag" (by Union General Benjamin Butler), On the Ancient Cypriots (by Ottoman Authorities), "Lewd" books (by Anthony Comstock and the NYSSV), Pedigrees and books of Muslim law and theology (By the Mahdi in Sudan), Emily Dickinson's correspondence (on her orders), Ivan Bloch's research on Russian Jews (by Tsarist Russian government), Italian Nationalist literature (by Austrian authorities in Trieste), Books in Serbian (by World War I Bulgarian Army), George Grosz's cartoons (by court order in Weimar Germany), Theodore Dreiser's works (at Warsaw, Indiana), Works of Goethe, Shaw, and Freud (by Metaxas dictatorship in Greece), Books, pamphlets and pictures (by Soviet authorities), Pompeu Fabra's library (by Franco's troops), Jewish, anti-Nazi and "degenerate" books (by the Nazis), Jewish books in Alessandria (by pro-Nazi mob), Andr Malraux's manuscript (by the Gestapo), Manuscripts and books in Warsaw, Poland (by the Nazis), Books in the National Library of Serbia (by World War II German bomber planes), The books of Knut Hamsun (in post-World War II Norway), Books by Shen Congwen (by Chinese booksellers), Judaica collection at Birobidzhan (by Stalin), Romanian literature (by the Romanian Workers' Party), Mordecai Kaplan's publications (by Union of Orthodox Rabbis), Memoirs of Yrj Leino (by Finnish government, under Soviet pressure), Religious, anti-Communist and genealogy books (in the Cultural Revolution), Leftist books in Chile during the Pinochet dictatorship, Books burned by at order of school board in Drake, North Dakota, USA, Book burning caused by Viet Cong in South Vietnam, Central University Library (Bucharest, 1989), Oriental Institute in Sarajevo (Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1992), National and University Library of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1992), Abkhazian Research Institute of History, Language and Literature and National Library of Abkhazia (by Georgian troops), The Nasir-i Khusraw Foundation in Kabul (by the Taliban regime), Morgh-e Amin publication house in Tehran (by Islamic extremists), Abu Nuwas poetry (by Egyptian Ministry of Culture), United Talmund Torah School Library, Montreal 2004, The Diary of Anne Frank during a midsummer's party, Germany 2006, Inventory of Prospero's Books (by proprietors Tom Wayne and W.E. It is unknown how many of the Moriscos complied with the decree and destroyed their own Arabic books and how many kept them in defiance of the King's decree; the decree is known to have triggered one of the largest Morisco Revolts[96], In 1584 Pasquale Vassallo, a Maltese Dominican friar, wrote a collection of songs, of the kind known as "canczuni", in Italian and Maltese. However, the Church never managed to completely extirpate his writings, enough unburned copies survived for these writings to be known up to the present. [132], In 1918 the Valley of the Squinting Windows, by Brinsley MacNamara, was burned in Delvin, Ireland. Enter up to 3200 characters: The library contains only lower-case letters, space, comma, and period. These documents will be kept in special accommodation where they may be used by German scholars and other German persons who have received permission to do so from the Allies only under strict supervision by the Allied Control Authority. [259] Locke claimed it was his and the churches "biblical right" to "burn.cultic materials that they deem are a threat to their religious rights and freedoms and belief systems." [173] In some instances, even books on Cubism were burned because ignorant soldiers thought it had to do with the Cuban Revolution. The use of the Serbian language was banned. Thereupon, the occupying forces set fire to the books and archives of the town a direct continuation of Cardenal Cisneros' book destruction in Granada, a few years before (see above). In the Bible, Babylon is first mentioned in Genesis 11. Older libraries are usually altered by closing up air flow openings and installing fire doors, alarms and sprinklers. The Amsterdam burgomasters felt obliged to go along with this, at least formally but in fact some of them mitigated the practical effect by warning booksellers of impending raids. The Code Napolon as well as the writings of German conservatives were ceremoniously burned 'in effigy': instead of the costly volumes, scraps of parchment with the titles of the books were placed on the bonfire. [2] According to Diogenes Lartius, the above outspoken agnostic position taken by Protagoras aroused anger, causing the Athenians to expel him from their city, where the authorities ordered all copies of the book to be collected and burned in the marketplace. The library had been heavily stocked by the aid of the perpetrator's non-Christian predecessor. The Flowers of the Saints 17. In the same year the Catholic authorities at Vienne also burned Servetus in effigy together with whatever of his writings fell into their hands, in token of the fact that Catholics and Protestants mutually hostile in this time were united in regarding Servetus as a heretic and seeking to extirpate his works. 24 Jul. However, only a few fragments survived to the present. [99], The theologian and scientist Marco Antonio de Dominis came in 1624 into conflict with the Inquisition in Rome and was declared "a relapsed heretic".

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